Canada’s GDP Decline this Year will be Reversed Next Year
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CanaData’s forecasts of the economy’s leading indicators are in the table that accompanies this report. This nation has experienced distress since the fall of last year, but neither the depth of the decline nor the duration have been anything like as severe as have been experienced in most other developed nations around the world. The worst numbers are appearing this year, with gross domestic product (GDP) set to fall by 2.5%, the unemployment rate to average 8.4% for the year, job losses to total 350,000 and corporate profits to falter by 25%. The outlook for next year is considerably brighter.
Many countries are now reporting a return to modest growth in the latest month or so. China continues to astound with the strength of its rebound. This is the result of massive infrastructure spending and mandated looser lending practices by financial institutions. Some of the latter is now being reined in, as there is concern that there may be too much stimulus in place. China’s growth is helping to lift the entire Pacific Rim. Raw material suppliers also being caught up in the advancing tide. China is diligently searching for commodity inputs. Australia is one obvious source, but Canada qualifies as well.
The fact that U.S. homebuilding markets are stabilizing and improving removes a serious impediment to that nation’s return to expansion. Better financial markets, government stimulus money and stability in auto sector ownership will combine with record low interest rates to fuel growth. Canada will be a beneficiary of the pick-up in U.S. business. De-leveraging by lenders to shore up capital and a switch from spending to saving by consumers will serve to slow the recovery process, but it will move forward nonetheless. However, it will occur at a slower pace than in previous business cycle recoveries.
| ACTUALS | FORECASTS | |||||||
| 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 est | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | |
| (year-over-previous-year percent change in annual average value) | ||||||||
| Real GDP: | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.5 | 0.4 | -2.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 |
| Consumer Expenditures | 3.7 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 3.0 | -1.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 3.5 |
| Exports (goods) | 2.0 | 0.9 | 1.3 | -5.0 | -11.0 | 8.0 | 5.5 | 5.0 |
| Imports (goods) | 7.5 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 1.0 | -12.0 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 5.0 |
| Consumer Price Index – | (year-over-previous-year percent change in annual average index value) | |||||||
| All Items | 2.2 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.2 |
| (annual average percent level) | ||||||||
| Unemployment Rate | 6.8 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 7.4 | 6.6 |
| Employment Change | (based on annual average level) | |||||||
| (000s of jobs – household survey) |
223 | 315 | 382 | 260 | -350 | 125 | 225 | 200 |
| (year-over-previous-year percent change in annual average value) | ||||||||
| Corporate Profits (pre-tax) | 10.9 | 5.1 | 4.1 | 5.7 | -25.0 | 17.5 | 12.0 | 8.0 |
| Inventory-to-Sales Ratio | (annual average) | |||||||
| Manufacturing | 1.32 | 1.31 | 1.30 | 1.33 | 1.55 | 1.40 | 1.32 | 1.30 |
| (thousands of units) | ||||||||
| Housing Starts | 226 | 227 | 228 | 211 | 135 | 150 | 180 | 210 |
| Bank of Canada | (annual average percent level) | |||||||
| Overnight Rate | 2.67 | 4.06 | 4.35 | 2.96 | 0.40 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 3.00 |
| (annual average percent level) | ||||||||
| Prime Rate* | 4.42 | 5.81 | 6.10 | 5.00 | 2.40 | 3.00 | 4.00 | 5.00 |
| U. S. cents to buy | (annual average) | |||||||
| $1 Canadian | 82.5 | 88.2 | 93.0 | 93.8 | 87.0 | 92.0 | 1.00 | 1.05 |
Forecasts and table: Reed Construction Data - CanaData.
For a more in-depth analysis of the economic outlook and commentary on the prospects for the five major categories of construction activity, please click here to connect with Alex Carrick's blog article.



Economic growth is the increase in value of the goods and services produced by an economy with any relationship to cash advance. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or GDP. Growth is usually calculated in real terms, i.e. inflation-adjusted terms, in order to net out the effect of inflation on the price of the goods and services produced. In economics, “economic growth” or “economic growth theory” typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at “full employment,” which is caused by growth in aggregate demand or observed output.As economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of National Income it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that level variable. But people tend to attach a particular value to the annual percentage change, perhaps since it tells them what happens to their pay check.
Economists are well aware of these deficiencies in GDP, thus, it should always be viewed merely as an indicator and not an absolute scale. Economists have developed mathematical tools to measure inequality, such as the Gini Coefficient. There are also alternate ways of measurement that consider the negative externalities that may result from pollution and resource depletion (see Green Gross Domestic Product.)The flaws of GDP may be important when studying public policy, however, for the purposes of economic growth in the long run it tends to be a very good indicator. There is no other indicator in economics which is as universal or as widely accepted as the GDP.Economic growth is exponential, where the exponent is determined by the PPP annual GDP growth rate. Thus, the differences in the annual growth from country A to country B will multiply up over the years. For example, a growth rate of 5% seems similar to 3%, but over two decades, the first economy would have grown by 165%, the second only by 80%.